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This research study examines the dimensions of lexical utilization in Tafsīr Ṭibyān al-Qur’ān, focusing on the key Arabic lexical items and their semantic functions within the exegesis. It aims to identify how the mufassir employs aspects of Arabic lexicography such as root derivations, semantic constructions, and usage context to enhance interpretive clarity and depth. Particular attention is given to synonyms, antonyms, and contextual readings to elucidate the exegete’s linguistic choices. In what dimensions does Tafsīr Ṭibyān al-Qur’ān employ Arabic lexicon, and how do these linguistic applications influence the commentary’s narrative style, explanatory techniques, and semantic profundity? Adopting a qualitative and analytical approach, the study began by collecting lexical items from selected surahs and ayāt within Tafsīr Ṭibyān al-Qur’ān. Each term was analyzed for root morphology, syntactic structure, and context-specific meaning. Subsequently, synonyms and antonyms were identified, and their exegetical usages were compared. Finally, the research critically assessed how these lexical strategies affect the commentary’s explanatory framework and rhetorical style.

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Tafsir Ṭibyan al-Quran, Arabic Lexicon, Quranic Exegesis, Lexical Analysis, Semantic Interpretation, Root Derivation, Arabic Morphology, Contextual Meaning, Linguistic Dimensions, Qur’ānic Semantics.

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This article, titled “A Critical and Analytical Study of the Narrations of Female Companions Related to Family Life in Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah”, aims to explore the valuable narrations transmitted by female Companions concerning various dimensions of family life, as recorded in the renowned biographical work of Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani. The role of Ṣaḥābiyāt (female Companions) in the preservation and transmission of Islamic teachings remains highly significant, particularly in matters relating to domestic ethics, marital relations, child upbringing, social conduct, and women’s participation in family and communal affairs. Despite the importance of these narrations, scholarly attention toward their thematic and analytical study within Al-Isabah has remained comparatively limited. Therefore, this research seeks to answer key questions: What types of family-related narrations are attributed to female Companions in Al-Isabah? What social, ethical, and religious values do these narrations convey? How do these reports contribute to understanding the status and role of women in early Islamic society? The study adopts a qualitative and analytical methodology based on textual analysis of selected narrations from Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah. Relevant reports are collected, categorized thematically, and examined in light of classical Islamic sources and contemporary academic discussions. The research further evaluates the authenticity, context, and intellectual implications of these narrations to understand their contribution to Islamic family thought. The significance of this study lies in highlighting the intellectual and social contributions of female Companions in shaping Islamic family values and preserving prophetic teachings. Moreover, the research contributes to the broader field of Islamic studies by offering a focused academic investigation into women-centered narrations and their relevance to contemporary discussions on family, gender, and social ethics in Islam.

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Female Companions, Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah, women-centered narrations.

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This research examines the Sharīʿah status of intention (qaṣd) and will (irādah) in the matters of nikāḥ (marriage) and ṭalāq (divorce), which are among the most sensitive and impactful institutions in Islamic family law. The study begins with an introduction to the centrality of intention in Islamic jurisprudence, highlighting the well-established legal maxim “acts are judged by intentions” and its relevance to personal status laws. It explores how intention and conscious will influence the validity, effectiveness, and legal consequences of marital contracts and divorce pronouncements. The core research questions addressed in this study include: What is the juristic meaning of intention and will in the context of nikāḥ and ṭalāq? To what extent is intention a prerequisite for the validity of marriage contracts and divorce declarations? How do different Islamic schools of thought interpret cases involving coercion, error, jest, anger, intoxication, or ambiguous expressions? The research adopts a qualitative and analytical methodology based on the study of primary Sharīʿah sources, including the Qurʾān and Sunnah, as well as classical fiqh literature from the major Sunni schools and relevant contemporary legal discussions. A comparative approach is employed to analyze areas of agreement and divergence among jurists, supported by selected modern case studies to demonstrate practical implications. The study further evaluates how intention-based rulings align with the objectives of Sharīʿah (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah), particularly the preservation of family, lineage, and social stability. The significance of this research is multifaceted: for society, it promotes responsible and conscious behavior in marital decisions, reducing misuse and impulsive actions; for the Muslim community, it clarifies religious rulings related to marriage and divorce, helping individuals navigate complex situations with legal and moral awareness; and for academicians and researchers, it offers a systematic framework for understanding intention-centered jurisprudence within Islamic family law. The study concludes that while external expressions hold legal weight, Sharīʿah gives substantial consideration to intention and will in order to uphold justice, prevent harm, and protect the sanctity of the family institution.

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Nikāḥ, Ṭalāq, Intention (Qaṣd), Islamic Family Law, Sharīʿah Rulings.

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This study conducts a systematic comparative analysis of the apparent contradictions in key hadith-science terms as defined in Ibn Ṣalāḥ’s Muqaddimah, al-Nawawī’s at-Taqrīb wal-Taysīr, and Ibn Ḥajar’s Sharḥ Nukhbat al-Fikr. It aims to elucidate how each author defines and applies critical terms—such as ṣaḥīḥ (authentic), ḥasan (good), ḍa‘īf (weak), and mudallis (obscured)—and to assess the impact of these definitional variances on the classification and acceptance of hadith. What are the substantive and methodological differences in the definitions and applications of major hadith-terminology terms across Ibn Ṣalāḥ’s Muqaddimah, al-Nawawī’s at-Taqrīb, and Sharḥ Nukhbat al-Fikr, and how do these differences affect the broader science of hadith authentication? The research adopts a historical‐textual and comparative methodology. Key terminology is extracted from each text, and their definitions are analyzed in light of the original Arabic context. Comparative tables are constructed to map out definitional variances, followed by a critical assessment of the jurisprudential and practical implications of these variances for hadith classification and scholarly consensus.

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Ibn Ṣalāḥ’s Muqaddimah, al-Nawawī’s at-Taqrīb wal-Taysīr, and Ibn Ḥajar’s Sharḥ Nukhbat al-Fikr, classification and acceptance of hadith.

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This MPhil thesis examines the prophetic correspondence and diplomatic engagement of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) with the Kingdom of Abyssinia (Habasha) and explores its relevance as a normative model for Muslim minorities in the contemporary world. In the formative period of Islam, Abyssinia emerged as a unique political and religious space where early Muslims experienced protection, justice, and religious freedom under a non-Muslim ruler. By analyzing this historical interaction, the study situates prophetic diplomacy within the broader framework of Islamic political thought, international relations, and minority jurisprudence. The central research question of this thesis asks: how did the Prophet Muhammad’s diplomatic approach toward the Kingdom of Abyssinia shape principles of coexistence, justice, and political engagement, and in what ways can these principles be applied to the lived realities of Muslim minorities today? The study employs a qualitative and analytical methodology grounded in classical Islamic sources, Sīrah works alongside contemporary scholarship on Islamic diplomacy, minority and interfaith relations. Textual analysis is used to examine prophetic letters, the event of the migration to Abyssinia, and the discourse of Ja‘far ibn Abī Ṭālib at the court of the Negus. These primary sources are critically assessed in light of modern socio-political contexts to identify enduring diplomatic and ethical principles. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to academic discourse on prophetic diplomacy and Islamic models of minority engagement. It offers an interdisciplinary perspective that bridges Islamic studies, history, and international relations, while providing a theoretically grounded framework for understanding Muslim minority conduct in pluralistic societies. By highlighting justice, moral integrity, respect for law, and constructive engagement as key prophetic principles, this thesis adds to contemporary debates on peaceful coexistence and the role of religion in global diplomacy.

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Abyssinia (Habasha), Islamic diplomacy, minority fiqh, and interfaith relations.